It is difficult to determine the prognosis of myocarditis and ICMP because it depends on a number of different factors including age and disease type. The highest mortality and heart transplant necessity are in GCM with 48 to 89 % [49, 55, 56]. In HIV/AIDS patients with myocarditis, it is 15 to 55 % [72, 73, 74] and it is similar in cardiac sarcoidosis with 17 to 48 % 10-year survival rate [49, 60]. In cardiac sarcoidosis and GCM, the prognosis is influenced even by early initiation of immunosuppressive therapy [98].

The prognosis of patients depends of course on clinical presentation, NYHA class [164], the severity of systolic dysfunction of left or right ventricle, ECG finding in which prolongation of QRS complex was put in association with higher risk of mortality or heart transplant [103], and it depends also on the levels of laboratory parameters [139] – troponin, BNP etc. [26, 110, 111, 112]. Prognosis is usually good in patients with the mild course of the disease and with preserved LV EF [165].

There were described as prognostically significant also cardiac MRI findings (specifically LGE), [27] and EMB results [164].

Authors of the opening picture: National Institutes of Health (NIH); NIAID; Patrick J. Lynch; Departmenf of Radiology of the 2nd Medical School and Motol Hospital; Kalumet

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